馬の血液型とその遺伝

概要

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Five specific antisera (reagents), called U1 and U2 (Yamaguchi, 1941; Matumoto, 1942) and Pf1, Pf2, and Pf3 (Hosoda, 1942; Hosoda et al, 1959), are available in Japan for blood typing on horses. All five reagents were prepared by immunizing rabbits. The blood factors, U1 and U2 were detected by hemolytic tests and Pf1, Pf2, and Pf3 by agglutination tests. Investigation was designed to study the breed structure of horse populations based on the blood group genes.Approximately 2, 000 Kiso native horses were used. It was revealed that factors U1 and Pf1 were always associated. Reciprocal absorption tests showed that the two factors were identical. Since U1 and Pf1 were demonstrable by different serological tests, the reactivity of the other reagents in hemolytic and agglutination tests was investigated. The results revealed that U2 and Pf3 were demonstrable either by hemolytic tests or by agglutination tests, while Pf2 were demonstrable only by agglutination test.The present genetic studies indicate that there are at least three independent blood-group systems in the horse. The alleles which determine factors U1 and U2 behave as co-dominants. In the absence of these factors, they behave as recessive alleles. Factors Pf2 and Pf3 behave as dominant genes, each of which is with a recessive allele that determines the absence of the factor. In all three loci, U1, U2, Pf2, and Pf3 appear to be genetically independent.
社団法人日本畜産学会の論文