順向干渉の形成に及ぼす記銘時・検索時の弁別手掛り提示の効果

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The purpose of this experiment was to examine the effects of presenting discriminative cues in encoding or retrieval phase upon the buildup of Proactive Interference (PI). A 3 × 3 factorial design was used, which incorporated cue conditions (encoding cue, retrieval cue, and control condition) and number of trials (from 1 to 3). The subjects were 54 students with a mean age of 19 yr. and 9 m0., who were assigned to one of the three cue conditions. In encoding cue condition, Ss were provided subcategory name as a discriminative cue at encoding phase in each trial. In retrieval cue condition, Ss were provided subcategory name as a discriminative cue at retrieval phase in each trial. In control condition, Ss were not given any cue at encoding and retrieval phase in each trial. The list consisted of three subcategory (e.g. windinstrument, stringed instrument, and percussion) from one general category (e.g. musical instruments) (see Table 1). The experiment was conducted individually by Brown-Peterson paradigm. Three items were presented simultaneously by the slide projector at a 2.0 sec. rate, which was followed by the distractor task (20 sec). Then recall test was given for 10 sec. Following the recall test, next trial was introduced until three trials were completed. The main results were as follows: Under the control condition, PI was built up as a function of trials. By contrast, two cue conditions attenuated the buildup of PI, and the degree of attenuation of PI was larger under the retrieval cue condition than the encoding cue condition. These results suggested that the buildup of PI was more due to the decrease of discriminative function of cue in the phase of retrieval than in the phase of encoding.
奈良教育大学の論文

順向干渉の形成に及ぼす記銘時・検索時の弁別手掛り提示の効果

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