幼児の自由再生に及ぼす分類条件の効果

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The present study was designed to investigate the effects of sorting conditions at the phase of memorization upon recall and clustering in kindergarten children. A 3 × 2 factorial design was used, which incorporated the sorting conditions (personal Category, PC, Adult Category, AC, and Control, C, conditions), and the number of trials ( 1 and 2 ). The latter factor was a within variable. The 5s were 48 kindergarteners with a mean age of 6 years and 2 months, who were assigned to one of the three sorting conditions. The list was composed of 16 instances of 4 broadly defined categories (animal, fruit, vehicle,and footgear) as is shown in Table 1. These instances were familiar to children at this age and each of them was presented as black and white line drawings. The 5s in PC condition were required to group the instances on the basis of their own sorting criteria at the memory phase and then to recall the instances. The 5s in AC condition were required to group the instances into the four adult categories defined by E and then to recall the instances. The 5s in C condition were exposed to 16 instances about the same time required of sorfing task under PC and AC conditions and then were required to recall the instances. These memory and recall phases were repeated twice alternately. As is shown in Table 2 and 3, the performances of recall and clustering under PC and AC conditions were significantly better than those under C condition, but there was no difference between PC and AC condition on recall and four clustering measures. These results were discussed with reference to related studies.
奈良教育大学の論文
1976-12-00

著者

藤田正
広島大学大学院医歯薬学総合研究科顎口腔頚部医科学講座歯科矯正学分野

幼児の自由再生に及ぼす分類条件の効果

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