集集地震により生じた台湾中西部における滝の地震後10年間の後退速度とその変化

概要

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Recession rates of four waterfalls formed by the surface deformation of the Chelungpu Fault at the time of Chi-Chi Earthquake on September 21, 1999 in central Taiwan were measured in the field and assessed with an empirical model of waterfall erosion. The model represents the balance between the erosive force of streams versus bedrock resistance with relevant environmental parameters of discharge (drainage area and precipitation), waterfall form and bedrock strength. The recession rates of three waterfalls increased from the first 6 years to the following 4 years. This increase in the recession rates basically corresponds to the changes in environmental factors including precipitation increase and waterfall width narrowing. The recession rate of another waterfall decreased, but this can be explained by artificial modification of riverbed. The recession rates are very high comparing with waterfalls in other places, probably due to large amount of hard gravels transported on the weak bedrock from the upstream areas.
日本地形学連合の論文
2013-01-25