Effect of Lactulose on Calcium and Magnesium Absorption : A Study Using Stable Isotopes in Adult Men

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To evaluate the effect of lactulose on calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) absorption, we performed a clinical trial with a double-blind, randomized, crossover design in 24 healthy adult male volunteers. The absorptions of Ca and Mg were evaluated by a single-labeling method using stable isotopes. The test foods, containing lactulose at a dose of 0 g (placebo), 2 g (low-dose), or 4 g (high-dose) together with 300 mg of Ca containing 20 mg of ^<44>Ca, and 150 mg of Mg containing 28 mg of ^<25>Mg, were administered orally. Urine samples were collected for 8 h after the ingestion of the test food. The ratios of stable isotopes in urine (^<44>Ca/^<40>Ca and ^<25>Mg/24Mg) were measured by ICP-MS (inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry). The urinary stable-isotopes ratios (^<44>Ca/^<40>Ca and ^<25>Mg/^<24>Mg) increased with lactulose dosage. Significant differences were observed in the Ca ratio between placebo and high-dose lactulose (p<0.01), and in the Mg ratio between placebo and low-dose lactulose and between placebo and high-dose lactulose (p<0.01). Lactulose ingestion did not change the levels of bone-resorption markers (type I collagen cross-linked N-telopeptide and deoxypyridinoline) in urine. The test foods did not cause any side effects. This study demonstrates that lactulose enhances the absorptions of Ca and Mg in adult men.
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