土壤面蒸発におよぼす日射の影響

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The author practiced the following experiment in order to investgate the influence of sunshine upon the evaporation from the soil surface: 1) An aluminium dish with soil was put in a glass dish with water in such a way as shown in fig.2. He contrived to absorb water by a bundle of cotton thread which dropped from the center of the aluminium dish. By such contrivance the moisture content of the soil in the aluminium dish was always kept constant. 2) The author made six apparatuses as mentioned above, and arranged them as shown in fig.1, the following quantities of sunshine: 0.00, 0.73, 1.27, 1.73, 2.22 and 2.68 cal/cm^2 min. were applied to the respective soil surface of the above apparatuses. 3) The soil temperatures in the above dishes were read by the thermometers in the soil. After the soil temperatures become constant, the water quantities evaporated from the soil surface in 100 min. was measured by the decreased quantities of water in the glass dishes. 4) The air temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure in the laboratory measured accurately during the experiment. By repeting the above experiment seventeen times, the author obtained the follwing results: 1) The evaporating quantity from the soil surface increases in proportion to the quantity of sunshine. 2) The higher the soil temperature, the larger the increasing ratio of evaporation quantity become. (Fig.4) The reason of the above was analyzed, and the following fact was discovered: 3) The evaporating quantity from the soil surface is in direct proportion to the difference between the vapour pressure upon the soil surface and that in the laboratory. (Fig.5) Even in case of evaporation from the soil surface, Fick's law on the kinetic theory of molecular movement gives a quite clear and accurate interpretation upon the water evaporation phenomenon, which seems to be quite complex.
千葉大学の論文
1958-12-30

土壤面蒸発におよぼす日射の影響

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