ライノマウスの遺伝的脱毛に先行する皮膚酸性フォスファターゼ活性の変化

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A mouse homozygous for the rhino gene (hr^<rh>) begins to lose the hair coat about 15 days after birth and becomes completely naked within one month. At that time acid phosphatase (Pase) and inorgnic pyrophosphatase (PPase) activities in the skin show a markedly higher level than in the heterozygotes, as recently reported by the author (1962). Whether these changes in enzyme activity precede the beginning of depilation or not is an interesting problem for studying the manifestation mechanism of the rhino gene in terms of biochemical genetics. From this view point, the activities of acid Pase and PPase in the skin have been compared between homo- and heterozygotes at several stages of development. Some other biochemical characters, i. e., lipid phosphorus content, cathepsin activity and cystine content, which seem to have certain intimate relations to the regulation of hair formation, were also compared in similar fashion. Among them, acid Pase activity has shown an apparent difference at the carliest stage, namely, an appreciable increase in enzyme activity could be observed in homozygous skin 8 days after birth (Fig. 1). Differences in the other characters became recognizable after 10 days. Lipid phosphorus content began to increase to some extent on the 10th day in the skin of homozygotes, and PPase and cathepsin activities were also increased around the 25th day. The cystine content in the skins of both homo- and heterozygotes remained constant throughout the development. Considering the precedence of skin acid Pase in the sequential biochemical changes accompanying the manifestation of rhino gene, a qualitative analysis of the enzyme was carried out using agar electrophoresis. In both homo- and heterozygotes, similar patterns consisting of two isozymes were obtained. Furthermore, a comparison between homo- and heterozygotes was performed on zymograms of esterases which provably have a substrate range similar to acid Pase. Also in this case, there was no difference between them, thouth seven isozymes, at least, could be separated. These results suggest that acid Pase is an intermediate step in the biochemical sequence leading to the manifestation of the rhino gene, though the change in activity certainly precedes the appearance of the phenotype.
社団法人日本動物学会の論文
1963-09-15

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