Discriminative Stimulus Effects of Hallucinogenic Drugs: a Possible Relation to Reinforcing and Aversive Effects
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概要
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The subjective effects of drugs are related to the kinds of feelings they produce, such as euphoria or dysphoria. One of the methods that can be used to study these effects is the drug discrimination procedure. Many researchers are trying to elucidate the mechanisms that underlie the discriminative stimulus effects of abused drugs (e.g., alcohol, psychostimulants, and opioids). Over the past two decades, the patterns of drug abuse have changed, so that club/recreational drugs such as phencyclidine (PCP), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and ketamine, which induce perceptual distortions, like hallucinations, are now more commonly abused, especially in younger generations. However, the mechanisms of the discriminative stimulus effects of hallucinogenic drugs are not yet fully clear. This review will briefly focus on the recent findings regarding hallucinogenic/psychotomimetic drug–induced discriminative stimulus effects in animals. In summary, recent research has demonstrated that there are at least two plausible mechanisms that can explain the cue of the discriminative stimulus effects of hallucinogenic drugs; one is mediated mainly by 5-HT<SUB>2</SUB> receptors, and the other is mediated through sigma-1 (<I>σ</I><SUB>1</SUB>)-receptor chaperone regulated by endogenous hallucinogenic ligand.
著者
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SUZUKI Tsutomu
Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, Kitami Institute of Technology
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Mori Tomohisa
Department Of Legal Medicine Tokyo Women's Medical University
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Yoshizawa Kazumi
Department Of Toxicology Hoshi University School Of Pharmacy And Pharmaceutical Sciences
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Shibasaki Masahiro
Department Of Pharmacology Kawasaki Medical School
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