カダヤシ黒色素胞のアドレナリン性受容体の特性

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The effects of catecholamines on the melanophores of isolated scale of Gambusia affinis affinis were investigated microscopically.In higher concentrations, catecholamines induced melanosome aggregation. Noradrenaline was most effective. Their effects were inhibited by phentolamine, an adrenergic α-blocking agent.On the other hand, catecholamines in lower concentrations induced melanosome dispersion on the melanophores of white-adapting fish. Adrenaline was most effective. Each catecholamine gave its maximum effect at the concentration of 10-10M. Propranolol, an adrenergic β-blocking agent, inhibited the dispersing effects of catecholamines. Isoproterenol, which is known to be a beta agonist, was less effective in both aggregating and dispersing melanosomes than other amines.In present study, the effect of K+ was also investigated. Melanosomes were aggregated by the application of isotonic KCl solution, and its effect was inhibited by phentolamine. 10-10M adrenaline was found to be able to disperse the melanosomes aggregated by isotonic KCl solution, but 10-10M noradrenaline was not.These results show that aggregation of melanosomes is mediated by α-adrenergic receptors and dispersion of those by β-adrenergic receptors, suggesting that α-receptors may be related to nervous control system of melanophores, and β-receptors to humoral one.
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