結核菌研究の進歩<第57回日本結核病学会総会シンポジウム>

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This syposium, entitled "Recent Advances in the Research of Tubercle Bacilli", was held to commemorate the Centenary of the discovery of tubercle bacilli by Dr. Robert Koch in 1882. Since the discovery of tubercle bacilli, enormous amounts of knowledge have been accumulated. Various species of acid fast bacteria other than human and bovine tubercle bacilli (Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. bovis), which have been found by Dr. Koch, were isolated from various sources and identified as members of genus Mycobacterium, and the relatedness of Mycobacterium with Corynebacterium and Nocardia were also established. The development of highly sophisticated instruments, such as electron microscopy and gass chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC/MS), enabled us to observe the ultrafine structures of tubercle bacilli and to analyze the detailed chemical structures of very complicated mycobacterial constituents. Despite the many difficulties in experimental procedures, the studies on the metabolic activities and genetics of tubercle bacilli have achieved the steady progress. The Japanese researchers have made great contributions for such advances in the fundamental researches of tubercle bacilli, as summarized in "50 Years in Tuberculosis Research" which was published to commemorate the Jubilee of the Japanese Society for Tuberculosis. In this symposium, four symposists presented the most up-to-date results of their brilliant works. Dr. Kazue Fukushi, Hirosaki University, showed many beautiful electron microscopic photographies of the ultrathin section of whole bacilli, cell wall, cytoplasmic membrane, mesosomes, chromosomes, nucleus, polyphosphate granules and pili of mycobacteria. From these observations, he proposed the schema of the ultrafine structures of mycobacteria. Dr. Yasuo Mizuguchi, University of Occupational and Environmental FIealth, developed the method for spheroplast formation and its reversion to bacillary form. Budding and elementary body formation were observed in the reversion process, and also a filamentous or mycelium-like growth accompanying branching and occasional septation were noticed in the regeneration process. These methods to induce spheroplast and to convert them to bacillary form may provide a way for the new manipulation system to study the genetics in Mycobacteria.
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結核菌研究の進歩<第57回日本結核病学会総会シンポジウム>

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