Clinical evaluation of serum concentration and fucosylation index of AFP, PIVKA-II, sialyl SSEA-1 (SLX), CA-50 and Dupan-2 for the ciagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

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Serum concentration of AFP, PIVKA-II, sialyl (SSEA-1 (SLX), CA-50 and Dupan-2 was studied in 60 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 70 with benign liver diseases and 25 with carcinoma metastatic to the liver. The fucosylation index of AFP was also determined in AFP positive sera. Positive reactions were noted in the following percentages of sera from HCC by AFP, 80; PIVKA-II, 53; and SLX, 30. The specificities of AFP, PIVKA-II and SLX in benign liver diseases were 81, 97 and 97%, respectively. Measurement of serum AFP in combination with fucosylation index increased the specificity from 81 to 91%. On the other hand, CA-50 and Dupan-2 were not useful for differentiating HCC from benign liver diseases. It was concluded that simultaneous measurements of AFP, PIVKA-II and SLX enable us to diagnose 88% of patients with HCC serologically.
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