顔面神経の実験的外傷に対する抵抗力と再生力

概要

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It has been observed through our clinical experience and experimental results that a com-plete recovery of muscle paralysis can not be expect after a severe damage to the innervating nerve, even after evidence of regeneration of the nerve fibers is ascertained. Why does such a condition occur? How much muscle impaired after a nerve was crushed or sectioned? The purpose of this study is to answer to these questions. After the third branch of the facial nerve of rabbits was sectioned to the depth of 1/4, 1/2, 3/4 and then 7/8 in diameter, the degree of muscle contraction induced by stimulating the nerve central to the lesion was evaluated by means of a UL-type strain gage. Moreover, 8 months after the third branch of the facial nerve of rabbits was crushed or sutured after sectioning, the muscle contractibility was estimated and the pattern of evoked waves obtained from the orbicularis oris muscle was observed. These experiments led to the conclusions as follows: 1) The muscle contractibility is kept within normal range if a half of the nerve fibers remain intact. 2) In the case of nerve crush, more than a half of total fibers regenerates and functions normally. Thus, the muscle function recovers completely. 3) In the case of nerve sectioning, more than a half of total fibers does not regenerat and the muscle function does not recover completely. In this case, paralysis never recovers compl-etely.
社団法人日本耳鼻咽喉科学会の論文