地方分権政策下での慣習的資源管理における境界の重要性 : インドネシア・東カリマンタン州の先住民ケニァ・ダヤックの事例研究

概要

論文の詳細を見る
The Kenyah people have been largely dependent on the collection of NTFPs and the practice of swidden agriculture. Therefore, they manage resources based on their customary rules to assure resource security. Decentralization policy in 1999 has granted the district government broader authority to create policies related to resource management that may either strengthen or undermine customary resource management (CRM). Field work was conducted in three Kenyah villages in 2006 to conduct interviews with 93 individuals. The objective of the study is to evaluate the importance of boundaries in CRM under decentralization policy. Results suggest that decentralization has increased boundary conflicts over resources among the Kenyah and also between the Kenyah and other Dayak groups. Boundaries are regarded as very important in resource management, and the Kenyah communities have adopted the strategies necessary to secure collective rights over resources by clarifying 'outer' boundaries. In urbanized Kenyah communities, CRM is not as rigorous due inevitably to factors such as individual claims over land and heterogeneity in ethnicity of landowners. To secure individual rights, most of the individual lands have been certified, which is regarded as clarification of 'inner' boundaries.
2009-11-01