Effects of Impurity in Aluminum on Diffusion Welding of Aluminum to Titanium(Materials, Metallurgy & Weldability)

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The joint strength and the microstructure of the diffusion welding of aluminum to titanium have been investigated using a variety of base metals: commercially pure aluminum 1050 (6×10^<-2>mass%Si), nominally 99.99% (4N) aluminum (2×10^<-3>mass%Si), and aluminum alloys containing 1×10^<-3> to 0.14mass%Si and 2×10^<-3> to 0.38mass%Fe. The joint strength of 4N aluminum to titanium, which was much lower than that of 1050 to titanium, was increased significantly by introduction of Si into 4N aluminum by a diffusion treatment prior to the bonding. A marker experiment showed that an intermetallic compound layer consisting of Al_3Ti grew from the bond interface into titanium for joints both with 1050 and with 4N aluminum. When the Si content exceeded 7×10^<-3>mass%, a drastic decrease in the growing rate of this Al_3Ti layer was found, suggesting that Si more than 7×10^<-3>mass% reduced the amount of aluminum diffusing into the Al_3Ti layer. The Fe content, however, had no correlation with the growing rate. The effects of Si on the joint strength and the growth of the Al_3Ti layer can be accounted for by the decrease in the amount of aluminum diffusing into the Al_3Ti layer.
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