Effects of Insert-metals on Diffusion Welding of Aluminum to Titanium
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Diffusion welding of aluminum to titanium with an insert-metal has been carried out and the effects of the insertmetal on the joining process and mechanical properties of the joint have been investigated. Silver and zinc were selected as insert-metal because the oxide film on the faying surface of aluminum inhibited the bonding between titanium and aluminum as shown in a previous paper. The effects of the insert-metals were studied by the observation of microstructure in the bonding zone and fractured zone. The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1) The tensile strength of joint was increased by using the silver insert-metal. Joints subjected to the diffusion-welding at 550℃ for more than 30 min. or at 600℃ for more than 10 min. fractured at the aluminum base metal. 2) In the case of welding at 500℃ with silver insert-metal, the insert-metal remained in the bonding zone and the bonding strength between this insert-metal and the base metals was lower than the strength of aluminum base metal. On the other hand, in the case of welding at 550℃ or 600℃, the silver insert-metal was dissolved by the aluminum base metal and promoted the destruction of the oxide film on aluminum faying surface by the formation of localized region of low flow stress or liquid. Therefore, the joint welded at 550℃ or 600℃ had a enough tensile strength to fracture at the aluminum base metal. 3) The intermetallic compounds of Ag_2Al and Al_3Ti were formed in the bonding zone of joint welded with silver insert-metal. 4) For the joint welded with zinc insert-metal, a thick intermetallic compound layer and many voids were formed in the bonding zone. The tensile strength of the joint welded with zinc insert-metal was not necessarily stronger than that of the joint welded without insert-metal and the reproducibility of the strength was quite poor, because of the formation of these intermetallic compound layer and voids. 5) The intermetallic compounds of Al_3Ti and TiZn_3 were formed in the bonding zone of the joint welded with zinc insert-metal.
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