硬組織の構造と機能

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The authors studies are principally being advanced on the structural analysis of the fossils and on the phylogenetic line from the point of structural analysis. Our purposes in future will be to explain the relation between the structure and functions and to reconstruct the life of paleobios. The authors express their opinions on the structure and functions of hard tissues in molluscan shells and elephant molars. SHIBATA assumed that the canal structure which exists in the shell of Anadara subcrenata serves as a respiratory function. On this assumption he made a physiological experiment of the species, and proved that CN-penetrates the shell through the canal structure and then is absorbed through the mantle epitheliumin to the soft part. KOBAYASHI classified ectostracum in a wide sense into two narrow categories of ectostracum and mesostracum from the structural analysis mostly on the shell of living bivalvia, i.e. Periglypta and Meretrix. Further, he studied the differentiation of the respective shell layers phylogenically and devised to associate the development of the homogeneous structure with the change of life habits of the bivalvia (sedentary form→epi form→epi-in form). The development of the mesostracum and endostracum being of the homogeneous structure will becaused by this transition of the life habits. KAIBARA studied the relations between the variation of shape observed with the naked eye by order of eruption of the molar of Proboscidea and the transversal shape of the enamel rod (SHOBUSAWA, 1952; KAWAI, 1952; YAMAKAWA, 1959), which represents the features of species, on the electron-microscopical level, using the molars of Asian elephants. In consequence, he found that the intermediate layer of the enamel is most suitable for representing the features of the species as these show the most secure and regular outline and disposition. Considering the fact that the histological features represented by the transversal shape of the enamel rods remain unchanged regardless of the order of molars, he pointed out that if this should be applied to the fossil species in general, one could possibly make identification or discrimination of the species by examining the fragments of the molar enamel histologically.
日本地質学会の論文
1968-12-28

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