銅汚染ぶどう園土壌におけるStreptomycetesフローラの重金属耐性およびメラノイド色素生産性

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The vineyard soils in Japan are heavily polluted with copper due to the continual use of copper fungicide (Bourdeaux mixture). The effects of the copper on soil streptomycete flora-heavy metal resistance and taxonomic properties-were investigated. The following results were obtained.1. Large populations of streptomycetes resistant to copper (63% of strains) were observed in the copper-polluted soils, whereas most isolates from the control soils were susceptible to copper. Positive correlation was found between the copper concentrations in soils and the isolation frequencies of copper-resistant streptomycetes (coefficient of correlation r=0.83,level of significance P<0.001).2. The percentage of mercury-resistant streptomycetes in all isolates from copper-polluted soils was 19 (81/438), while that from the control soils was only 1 (3/335). The isolation frequencies of these mercury-resistant strains were positively correlated with those of copper-resistant strains (r=0.88,P<0.001). Of the mercury-resistant strains from the copper-polluted soils, 99% (80/81) were copper-resistant. These observations suggest that copper pollution in soils may be a selective factor for mercury-resistant streptomycetes.3. A taxonomic study showed that streptomycetes resistnat to a particular metal (copper, mercury, arsenic and lead) were composed of many types of morphological groups. However, there was a positive correlation between the isolation frequencies of copper-resistant strains and melanoid pigment producers (r=0.78,P<0.001). The percentage of melanoid pigment producers in copper-resistant strains and in copper-sensitive strains was 92 (251/274) and 59 (97/164) respectively. The difference was significant at the 0.1% level.
社団法人日本生物工学会の論文
1982-01-25

銅汚染ぶどう園土壌におけるStreptomycetesフローラの重金属耐性およびメラノイド色素生産性

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