38 リママメ食害葉から放出される匂いは周囲の健全葉のエチレン放出を誘導する

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Infestation by spider mites (Tetranychus urticae) induces lima bean leaves to emit a blend of volatiles that attracts the predatory mites. This blend of volatiles also induces plants downwind from the infested plants to become more attractive to the predatory mites and, thus, less susceptible to spider mites. Here we show that exposure to T. urticae-induced volatiles, as well as T. urticae infestation and artificial wounding, activates the transcription of the genes involved in the biosynthesis of ethylene [S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) synthetase and 1-aminocyclopropane-l-carboxylic acid oxidase] and a gene involved in the biosynthesis of polyamines from SAM (SAM decarboxylase) in lima bean leaves. Moreover, exposure of leaves to any one of the 7 major chemical components of T. urticae-induced volatiles also induces expression of these genes. Furthermore, we found that, when lima beans were exposed to Z urticae-induced volatiles, they emitted ethylene. Lima bean plants infested by T. urticae and artificially wounded leaves also emitted ethylene. Endogenous polyamine levels were not increased in the exposed leaves or the infested leaves, suggesting that polyamine production from SAM was only slightly promoted at the metabolic levels present in the leaves. We found that jasmonate (JA), but no salicylate (SA), accumulated in leaves exposed to T. urticae-induced volatiles, and that both JA and SA accumulated in leaves infested by T. urticae. These findings, as well as results of pharmacological analyses, suggest that, in leaves exposed to T. urticae-induced volatiles, ethylene biosynthesis might be regulated by pathways involving JA and the ethylene positive feedback loop.
植物化学調節学会の論文
2001-10-09

38 リママメ食害葉から放出される匂いは周囲の健全葉のエチレン放出を誘導する

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