Comparative Studies of the Changes in Enzymatic Activities in Hardy and Less Hardy Cultivars of Winter Wheat in Late Fall and in Winter under Snow

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The synthetic activity of protein and changes in the activity profiles of enzymes during cold acclimation were studied in leaves, stems, and crowns of a hardly winter wheat cultivar (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Norin 61). The results showed that one of the genetic differences between the two cultivars is found in the activities of protein synthesis under low temperatures. The profiles of the changes in enzymatic activities showed that the adjustment of enzymatic activities was a tissue-specific event to accommodate environmental changes. The synthesis of the enzymes involved in a peroxide scavenging system such as hexokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, dehydroascorbate reductase, ascorbate peroxidase, and so on started at the acclimation stage, while the phosphoglucose isomerase, which appears to be a maintenance-type enzyme in the wintering wheat, showed a small increase in the activity at later stages of acclimation period in their stems of both cultivars. When the field was covered with snow, the catalase activity in the levels started to decrease abruptly, while snow, the catalase activity in the leaves started to decrease abruptly, while catalase activities appear to occur in late March or early April under snow.
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