旧制工業学校卒業生の社会移動に関する研究 : 山形県立鶴岡工業学校を事例として

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Under the prewar educational system, especially from the second half of the Taisho era, secondary level technical schools were established in districts with fragile industrial bases. This paper examines the social functions and historical significance of secondary technical schools, focusing on the social mobility of graduates of Tsuruoka Secondary Technical School in Yamagata Prefecture, which was established in 1920. The major data-set used as the basis for the analysis is that of individuals who graduated from the school in the years 1925-41. This data-set was compiled on the basis of school registers and alumni membership lists. Chapter I briefly sketches the state of industrialization in the 1920s and 1930s in Tsuruoka districts, with an emphasis on the social and economic environments surrounding the secondary technical school. Chapter II focuses on students of the secondary technical school at the time of their enrollment and during their educational process, analyzing in particular the geographical distribution of families sending their sons to the technical school, as well as the class backgrounds of the students as seen in terms of their parents' occupations and economic standings. Chapter III probes into the social mobility of the students after graduation, looked at in terms of the interrelationship between their geographical migration and occupational changes, as observed (1) at the time of their holding their first job after graduation, (2) during the 1941 munitions boom that was being boosted under the war economy, and (3) in 1953, when the Japanese economy began to recover from the shattering effects of defeat and the postwar chaos. One finding of the foregoing analyses is that Tsuruoka Secondary Technical School, while having been conditioned to some extent by the economic situation of the time, was fairly open to the local community both in terms of occupational distribution and economic standings of the students' parents. Secondly, after leaving the school, graduates tended to leave the prefecture primarily for employment in major industrial districts, thus becoming employees. Thirdly, however, given the fact that most of the graduates who once fled the prefecture returned home after the war, the school seems to have played a role in turning out the human resources indispensable for promoting the local society's industrial development.
2003-03-10

旧制工業学校卒業生の社会移動に関する研究 : 山形県立鶴岡工業学校を事例として

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