Synergistic Effect of Copper and Cobalt in Cu–Co Bulk Oxide Catalyst for Catalytic Oxidation of Volatile Organic Compounds

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In this study, transition-metal-oxide bulk catalysts were prepared with the precipitation method to investigate their activity for the catalytic oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) (model VOCs: toluene and ethyl acetate), with an aim to develop a low-cost, safe, and highly effective substitute catalyst for noble-metal-based catalysts. A synergistic effect of copper and cobalt was observed over the Cu–Co oxide catalysts, which showed higher activity than either copper oxide or cobalt oxide alone. It is considered that in the Cu–Co catalyst, the fine dispersion of CuO particles on the surface of Co3O4, especially the formation of a Cu–Co spinel, probably causes an increase in the BET surface area and eventually enhances the VOC oxidation activity. When the 31 wt%Cu–44 wt%Co catalyst was subjected to toluene catalytic oxidation, it gave a complete oxidation temperature of 200°C, similar to that for a commercial 0.5 wt%Pt/Al2O3 catalyst. In ethyl acetate catalytic oxidation, dramatic activity was exhibited and the complete conversion temperature of 175°C obtained over the 31 wt%Cu–44 wt%Co catalyst was far lower than that for 0.5 wt%Pt/Al2O3 (ca. 300°C).