長芋の栽培に関する研究(第4報) : 北海道における種芋の植込み時期,並びに催芽栽培に関する試験成績

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This paper deals with two experiments carried out on the planting time and pre-sprouting treatment of seed pieces in Hokkaido. The results obtained may be summarized as follows: (a) The effect of planting time and pre-sprouting treatment on the growth and yield. Six plots listed as follows were adopted for deter-mining the most desirable planting time of seed pieces in Hokkaido. Plot A: Planted April 13, treated* Plot B: Planted April untreated** Plot C: Planted May 13, treated Plot D: Planted May untreated Plot E: Planted June 13, treated Plot F: Planted June untreated * treated: Seed pieces were first planted in a hot-bed and transplanted to the field when the adventive bud appeared as a small knob. ** untreated: Seed pieces were set in the field directly. 1. While the sprouting time was earlier in seed pieces planted early, the time required for sprouting was longer than that for seed pieces planted later. 2. In treated seed pieces the time for sprouting was shortened remarkably as compared with that for the untreated ones. As compared A with B, A spro-uted 18 days earlier; between C and D, C sprouted 13 days earlier; and between E and F, E sprouted 4 days earlier. 3. With respect to the yield, the earlier the sprouting took place, the larger was the yield. Taking the yield of plot D as 100, the yields of A, B, C, E and F became 129. 9, 109. 0, 119.8, 83.0 and 74. 1 respectively. (b) The effect of the degree of pre-sprouting treatment on the yield and multiple formation of tuberous roots. Four plots as listed below were adopted for a determination of the most desirable degree of pre-sprouting. Plot A: Seed pieces were set in the field directly. (Control) Plot B Seed pieces were treated until the adventive bud was visible. Plot C: Seed pieces were treated until the young stem and the young tuberous root were distinguishable. Plot D: Seed pieces were treated to such an extent that both the stem and the tuberous root were approximately 3cm in length. 1. The seed pieces in treated plots sprouted con-siderably earlier than those in control plot. Among the seed pieces in treated plots, the earliness of sprout emergence had a tendency to occur proportion-ately to the degree of treatment. However, the differences between emergence times of each treated plot were not remarkable. 2. Nearly a quarter of the seed pieces in plots C and D failed to elongate their sprouts above the ground. This is due to sprout damage caused by sudden environmental change. 3. While pre-sprouting treatment raised the yield per plant, plot B alone showed a higher yield based upon area. 4. Occasionally a single plant produces two or more tuberous roots. This phenomenon is designated by the authors as “multiple formation of tuberous roots”. From the standpoint of customary practice in the growing of yams, this is undesirable since it is responsible for more culls. It was further observed that more plants showed multiple formation in treated plots than in control plot. From the results of the two experiments, it may be concluded that seed pieces should be planted early in May in Hokkaido and a slight pre-sprouting as in plot B is recommendable, if the size of tuberous roots is not considered and only a greater yield is desired.
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長芋の栽培に関する研究(第4報) : 北海道における種芋の植込み時期,並びに催芽栽培に関する試験成績

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