食用油の水素添加に関する研究 (第3報) : 水素添加油のモノエン酸中の位置異性体組成
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It is known that composition of positional and geometrical isomeric acids in hydrogenated oils varies with hydrogenation conditions, fatty acid composition of original oils and by catalysts.<BR>In this paper, hydrogenation of an olive oil, oleic safflowerseed oil, safflowerseed oil and soybean oil were carried out with 0.15% of a commercial nickel catalyst under different conditions, one under relatively felective (180°C, 1.5kg/cm<SUP>2</SUP>, 200rpm) and the other under relatively non-selective (150°C, 3.0kg/cm<SUP>2</SUP>, 500rpm) conditions. The hydrogenation was continued until the <I>trans</I>- and <I>cis</I>-monoenoic acids came to a content which was able to be isolated by TLC. Samples of hydrogenated olive oils were taken at different stages of hydrogenation, the iodine values of the corresponding samples being approximately same for both runs. Each sample was analyzed for its <I>trans</I>-isomer % and fatty acid composition. Further, each methyl ester of hydrogenated samples was separated by argentation-TLC into saturated, <I>trans</I>-monoene, <I>cis</I>-monoene and diene fractions. Each sample of <I>trans</I>- and <I>cis</I>-monoenoic fractions was subjected to permanganate oxidation in acetone-acetic acid and relative amounts of isomers were calculated from GLC of dibasic dimethyl esters.<BR>From the results of experiments it can be observed as follows. In the case of olive oil and oleic safflowerseed oil major double bond in <I>cis</I>-monoene retained its original position (<I>Δ</I>9) with both hydrogenation runs, and also the double bond in <I>trans</I>-monoene retained most its original position under non-selective conditions, but it was mostly migrated to the <I>Δ</I>10 position under selective conditions. In the case of safflowerseed oil and soybean oil the double bond in <I>cis</I>-monoene mostly retained at <I>Δ</I>9 and <I>Δ</I>12 positions in both runs, and <I>trans</I>-monoene contained chiefly <I>Δ</I>10 and <I>Δ</I>11 isomers in both runs.
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