(1)妊娠期の低栄養の現状と改善への提言(<特集>第58回シンポジウム1「妊娠と栄養・代謝-妊娠中の適切な栄養管理をめざして-」)

概要

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Mean birthweight of Japanese infants has declined and low birthweight prevalence has increased since the mid-1970s. We hypothesized that this change was due to increase in underweight and smoking mothers and restrained weight increase during pregnancy. Through the analyses of nationwide surveys, the prevalence of underweight young women aged 15〜29 years has increased to nearly one-fourths from 1976 to 2000. Mean birthweight decreased from 3,189±422g in 1980 to 3,033±429g in 2000, and low birthweight prevalence increased from 4.2% to 7.6%. Smoking in pregnancy increased from 6.5% in 1990 to 10.9% in 2000. From a multi-centered hospital based survey, we found that pre-pregnancy underweight (BMI under 18.5kg/m^2), low weight gain (under 7kg) during pregnancy, and smoking during pregnancy were independent risk factors for low birthweight. Pre-pregnancy overweight (BMI over 25.0kg/m^2) and high weight gain (over 10.6kg) during pregnancy were independent risk factors for cesarean delivery. In order to improve pregnancy outcomes in Japanese women, we need to 1) educate young girls on the importance of maintaining a healthy weight, 2) give appropriate weight gain goals during pregnancy according to a woman's pre-pregnancy body size, 3) give nutritional advice for healthy diet during pregnancy, 4) promote smoking cessation to all women.
社団法人日本産科婦人科学会の論文
2006-09-01