丹沢山地におけるブナの個体群統計遺伝学的解析. I. : プロット間およびサイズクラス別の遺伝的変異性

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Fagus crenata (Siebold's beech) is one of the major climax tree species in cool-temperate deciduous forests of Japan, and possesses a long life span, often exceeding ca.250 years. On the west Tanzawa Mountains in Kanagawa Prefecture, typical beech forest stands of the Pacific type have developed, but rapid deterioration of beech populations by many biotic and abiotic factors in this area has been noted in recent years. In the present study, we have thus critically analyzed the demographic-genetic structures and changes in the beech populations in Tanzawa, with the main emphasis on the following two aspects : i) genetic substructuring among isolated local populations in Tanzawa, and ii) genetic differentiation among different size classes within local populations. Five transects were established as study plots. Tree locations of each sampling plot were first recorded, and then size measurements and leaf samplings were made for all the beech individuals including seedlings, juveniles, and mature trees for each study plot. Thirteen allozyme loci with 53 alleles in 11 enzyme systems were used as genetic markers. Size class distributions and genetic components were different among the different study sites. Genetic diversities were high in the center of the beech forests, but low at the forest edge and in isolated populations. Wright's F-statistics revealed genetic differentiation among the size classes. The genetic structures of each study population were obviously affected by the size class structures of each population. Significant FIT was observed in the isolated and fragmented populations and also in the topographically complex subdivided populations. The patterns of genetic differentiation among the plots and size classes seemed to be affected by the degree of regeneration success of beech seedlings. The unique patterns of genetic substructuring found in the local populations with overlapping generations were also discussed in view of conservation biology.
東京農工大学の論文
2002-03-25

丹沢山地におけるブナの個体群統計遺伝学的解析. I. : プロット間およびサイズクラス別の遺伝的変異性

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