Intracellular calcium response in cultured bone cells under mechanical stress

概要

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Bone is known to be responsive to mechanical stimuli, and the activity of bone remodeling is enhanced during orthodontic practice, not only in a local area but also in the entire jaw bone. However, the mechanisms whereby bone tissue detects mechanical stimuli and how the stimuli are translated into biochemical and structural changes are still not well understood. The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanism of mechanotransduction in bone cells. Osteoblastic cells, KUSA cells, were loaded with fluorescent Ca^<2+>-sensitive fluo-3 AM dye, and exposed to fluid-shear stress in a flow chamber. Stimulus-induced changes in the fluorescence intensity were measured using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Application of flow to the cells led to an increase in fluorescence, which declined by stopping the flow. Blockade of the mechanosensory stretch-activated channel by gadolinium reduced the magnitude of the calcium response induced by the fluid flow and extended the latency of the reaction. Disruption of the actin filament by cytochalasin D did not show any inhibitory effect on the magnitude of the calcium response, but the latency was shortened. From these results, we concluded that the stretch-activated channel is involved in the fluid-induced intracellular calcium response in the osteoblastic cells, and that actin filaments modulate the sensitivity of the stretch-activated channel.
日本矯正歯科学会の論文