廃棄有機物の堆肥化利用に関する研究 : II. 食品産業廃水余剰汚泥の肥料的利用価値について

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In order to elucidate the availability of sewage sludges from food industries as fertilizers, three kinds of sludges from the seasoned preserve food processing (SP), the bean jam processing plants (BJ) and the other food industries (OF) were examined for their physical and chemical properties and for the effects on growth of vegetables and on the properties of soil when the sludges were applied in cultivated fields. The results obtained were as follows. (1) Each of these sludges had a specific color and odour. It contained water in a high content and so it was too sticky to be easily hundled. (2) SP sludge had a characteristic of high content of total nitrogen and high levels of pH and EC, while BJ sludge had that of high content of sand. (3) Soils recieved the sludges had decreasing tendencies of apparent specific gravity and increasing tendencies of porosity, EC and humus content; especially, a large increase in EC and humus content was observed in the soil applied with SP sludge. (4) A good growth was observed in spinaches grown in the fields with the sludges, as compared with that in the non-applied or non-fertilized fields. Successive application of the sludges, however, resulted in the suppressed growth of the vegetables and an extremely suppressed growth was observed in the field applied with SP sludge. (5) Growth of radishes in the fields applied with the sluges was better than that of the non-applied or non-fertilized fields. However, root growth was inhibited significantly in the fields received SP or OF sludge in large quantity, and it was also inhibited largely by applying successively with SP sludge by virtue of its high EC. From these results, it was recognized that the application of sewage sludges from food industries improves somewhat the properties of soil to give rise to the good growth of vegetables. However, the successive application of some kinds of sludges in large quantity is harmful for the growth of vegetables.食品加工々場から排出される廃水の余剰汚泥の性状, ならびに, これを農耕地に施用した場合の肥料的価値について知る目的で, 3種の余剰汚泥を供試して蔬菜を栽培し, 蔬菜の生育, ならびに土壌の理化学性に及ぼす影響について検討した. (1)3種の汚泥は, それぞれ特有の色調, 粘着性, 臭気を有し, ともに水分含量が高く生汚泥のままでは甚だ取り扱いが困難な性状であった. (2)佃煮汚泥はT-N含量は多いが, pH, ECが高く, 食あん汚泥は土砂含量の多いことが特徴的であった. (3)汚泥の施用により, 土壌は仮比重が小さくなり, 孔隙率が増加し, ECは高くなり腐植量が多くなる傾向がみられ, とくに佃煮汚泥施用区のEC, 腐植量の増加は顕著であった. (4)ホウレン草の発育は各汚泥施用区ともに無施用, 無肥料区よりよく, とくに佃煮汚泥施用区では普通堆肥施用区よりも優った. しかし各汚泥とも連年施用によって発育が低下し, とくに佃煮汚泥施用区は最も発育が劣った. (5)大根の発育は各汚泥施用区とも無施用無肥料区より優れたが, 佃煮汚泥, 食品汚泥の多量施用は少量施用より地下部の発育が低下する傾向がみられた. また佃煮汚泥の連年施用は無施用無肥料区より発育が劣った. 以上より, 食品加工工場からの余剰汚泥の土壌への施用は, 土壌の理化学性をよくし, 蔬菜の生育もよくすることが認められたが, 汚泥の種類によっては多量の連年施用はむしろ生育を阻書する傾向がみられた.
香川大学の論文
1981-03-20

廃棄有機物の堆肥化利用に関する研究 : II. 食品産業廃水余剰汚泥の肥料的利用価値について

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