COMPARISON OF TOXICITY TO PLANTS AMONG Al^<3+>, AlSO_4^+, AND Al-F COMPLEX IONS

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1. Behavior of Al-containing ions at various pHs was studied by using solutions to which 10/3 mmol/liter of Al(OH)_3 and 10/2 mmol/liter of H_2SO_4 or 0.2 or 2 mmol/liter of NaF were added, and the following results were obtained: (a) Total Al concentration starts to decrease when the pH increases above about 4.0 and reaches below 1 ppm at about pH 4.8. However, when 2 mmol/liter of NaF is present in the solution, the total Al concentration is higher at corresponding pHs than the above values. (b) When sulfate or fluoride ions are absent, Al^<3+> predominates at pH 4, and Al(OH)_2^+ predominates at pH 5. (c) In the presence of sulfate ion, AlSO_4^+ predominates followed by Al^<3+> at pH 4, while AlSO_4^+ and Al(OH)_2^+ predominate at pH 5. (d) When fluoride ion is present at 2 meq F/liter, Al^<3+> predominates although there is a considerable amount of AlF^<2+> at pH 4, and AlF_2^+ predominates at pH 5. 2. By measuring the elongation of barley roots which were grown in solutions with and without 10/3 mmol/liter of Al(OH)_3 in combination with and without CaSO_4, CaCl_2, or NaF at various levels, and at different pHs, the following conclusions were reached: (a) Elongation of barley roots is retarded by Al^<3+>, and the degree of retardation is controlled by the activity of Al^<3+> rather than by the concentration. (b) AlSO_4^+ and Al-F complex ions are far less toxic than Al^<3+> . (c) the presence of K, Ca, and Mg at adequate concentrations alleviates the toxic effect of Al^<3+>.
社団法人日本土壌肥料学会の論文

COMPARISON OF TOXICITY TO PLANTS AMONG Al^<3+>, AlSO_4^+, AND Al-F COMPLEX IONS

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