Study on Strength of Fiber Reinforced Concrete Lop-Sided Hemi-Spherical Shells

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The main purpose of this paper is to investigate, both theoretically and experimentally, the strength of fiber reinforced concrete Lop-Sided hemi-spherical shells supported by pins and under point load. The shape of the shells under consideration was made by cutting a hemi-spherical shell along three intersecting curves, which were created by the penetration of another three hemi-spherical caps each having different radii, and this shape of shell is considered as a kind of free form shell. Therefore the evaluation of the strength for these shells must be done mainly by the failure experiments and the nonlinear numerical analyses. The failure experimental study was conducted on small scaled carbon fiber reinforced micro-concrete shell specimens. The shells were made with carbon fiber reinforced concrete (CFRC), using concrete with mixed-in carbon fiber tips and without steel bar reinforcing, because the construction of free form shell is much easier with CFRC material than with steel reinforced concrete. The theoretical study was conducted using the nonlinear finite element analyses including concrete cracking and tension stiffening effects. CFRC shell without openings and steel reinforced concrete shell with openings were also analyzed to be compared with the strength of CFRC shell with openings. The ultimate strength and the cracking patterns of shells are discussed based on the results of the numerical analysis and failure experiments.