Electrophysiological and Morphological Evidence for Synchronized GnRH Pulse Generator Activity Among Kisspeptin/neurokinin B/dynorphin A (KNDy) Neurons in Goats

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概要

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• Neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) that concomitantly express kisspeptin, neurokinin B (NKB) and dynorphin A are termed KNDy neurons and are likely candidates for the intrinsic GnRH pulse generator. Our hypothesis is that KNDy neurons are functionally and anatomically interconnected to generate discrete neural signals that govern pulsatile GnRH secretion. Our goal was to address this hypothesis using electrophysiological and anatomical experiments in goats. Bilateral electrodes targeting KNDy neurons were implanted into ovariectomized goats, and GnRH pulse generator activity, represented by characteristic increases in multiple-unit activity (MUA volleys), was measured. Spontaneous and pheromone- or senktide (an NKB receptor agonist)-induced MUA volleys were simultaneously recorded from both sides of the ARC. An anterograde tracer, biotinylated dextran amine (BDA), was also injected unilaterally into the ARC of castrated male goats, and the distribution of fibers containing both BDA and NKB was examined using dual-labeling histochemistry. The results showed that MUA volleys, regardless of origin (spontaneous or experimentally induced), occur simultaneously between the right and left sides of the ARC. Tract tracing indicated that axons projecting from NKB neurons in the ARC were directly apposed to other NKB neuronal cells located bilaterally in the ARC. These results demonstrate that GnRH pulse generator activity occurs synchronously between both sides of the ARC in goats and that KNDy neurons are bilaterally interconnected in the ARC via NKB-containing fibers. Taken together, the results suggest that KNDy neurons form a neuronal circuit to synchronize burst activity among KNDy neurons and thereby generate discrete neural signals that govern pulsatile GnRH secretion.

著者

• YAMAMURA Takashi

  Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University

• Wakabayashi Yoshihiro

  Laboratory Of Neurobiology National Institute Of Agrobiological Sciences

• Okamura Hiroaki

  Laboratory Of Adaptation Physiology National Institute Of Animal Industry Ministry Of Agriculture Fo

• SAKAMOTO Kohei

  Laboratory of Neurobiology, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Ibaraki 305-0901, Japan

• Mori Yuji

  Laboratory of Physical Chemistry Tokyo Institute of Technology

• SAKAMOTO Kohei

  Laboratory of Veterinary Ethology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan

• OKAMURA Hiroaki

  Laboratory of Neurobiology, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Ibaraki 305-0862, Japan

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