第53回総会特別講演 : II. ミコバクテリアと細胞性免疫

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It has been shown that mycobacterial cells including tubercle bacilli were very useful tool for the study on cellular immunology. In this review, I summarize the results of our immunological study on tubercle bacilli. 1. Experimental cavity formation in rabbits. We have clearly shown that experimental tuberculous cavity was produced by the intrathoratic injection of heat-killed mycobacterial cells suspended in mineral oil. Recently it was also shown that the intrathoratic injection of my cobacterial protein antigen together with potent adjuvant substance such as BCG cell-wall skeleton emulsified in Freunds incomplete adjuvant produced experimental cavity in rabbits. 2. Tuberculin active peptide (TAP). TAP purified from the defatted cells of mycobacteria and nocardia was shown to be low molecular weight (<10, 000 dalton) and stable. The specificity of TAP in skin-reaction is almost similar with that of PPDs. 3. Cancer immunotherapy with BCG cell-wall skeleton (CWS). BCG-CWS was shown to have principal chemical structure of “mycolic acid-arabinogalactanmucopeptide” complex, and the adjuvant activity of BCG-CWS was examined in detail. We have also shown that oil-attached BCG-CWS had potent anti-tumor activity in transplantable tumors in syngeneic mice, rats and guinea pigs. BCG-CWS stimulated the depressed T cell function to normal level in tumor-bearing host. The incidence of carcinogenicity with chemical carcinogens in mice, rats and rabbits was inhibited by the administration of BCG-CWS. BCG-CWS is now being used as immunotherapeutic agent for the treatment of human malignant diseases especially in the patients with lung cancer and leukemia. 4. Synthetic peptidoglycan subunits. The minimum adjuvant-active subunit of bacterial cell-wall was established to be N-acetyl muramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (MDP). MDP was shown to have adjuvant activity, but no antitumor activity. 6-O-Mycoloyl-MDP showed potent adjuvant activity on cellular immune response and antitumor activity in transplantable tumor in syngeneic mice. It was also found that the immunization with DNP-6-OMycoloyl-MDP induced the IgE specific suppressor cells which did not affect on the production of IgG class antibody to DNP.
日本結核病学会の論文

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山村雄一
大阪大学医学部

第53回総会特別講演 : II. ミコバクテリアと細胞性免疫

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