クリの毬果の発育について-1-
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Fruits of "Gin-yose", a leading variety in Japan, were used as materials. Dry matter, carbohydrates, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents were determined periodically throughout the development of the fruits. Growth curve of fruit weight showed a double sigmoid curve. Both bur and pericarp grew gradual-ly for a while after flowering, and then made rapid growth. Growth rates of bur and pericarp were slowed down at the end of August, when embryo started to grow rapidly. Then, bur and pericarp resumed their rapid growth again with accelerated growth of embryo to maturity. It is possible to recognize two cycles in the growth of chestnut fruit. Cycle 1. The first cycle was characterized by rapid production of dry matter in bur which cor-responded to about 70% of final dry weight. Phos-phorus and potassium accumulated rapidly, and insoluble nitrogen reached its maximum value in the bur. In the nuts, concentration of reducing sugars was fairly high in this cycle, and their absolute amount reached maximum value temporarily at the end of this cycle. Both moisture and sugar contents in the bur were lower than those in the nuts. Cycle 2. The second cycle was commenced by the-rapid increase of dry matter in the nuts at the ex-pense of dry matter production in the bur. About 85% of final dry matter of nuts was formed in this cycle. The second cycle was also characterized by the-active growth of bur which was mainly due to. absorption of water. Although bur growth in fresh weight was as rapid as in the first cycle, increase-in dry weight was not so high in this cycle. In-soluble nitrogen decreased towards maturity, and potassium and phosphorus accumulated slowly. Concentration of reducing sugars in the bur rose to. maturity. It seemed that the increased absorption of water and softening of bur, especially of bur-flesh, in the second cycle related to the high con-tents of potassium and sugars. In the nuts, high concentration of non-reducing. sugars occurred at the expense of reducing sugars. Rapid accumulation of non-reducing sugars and starch in the nuts was observed associating with the active growth of embryos. Most of the soluble-and insoluble nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, in the nuts were accumulated in this cycle.
- 園芸学会の論文
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