消防隊員の職業性一酸化炭素曝露について

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Firefighters are exposed to various toxic substances that result from combustion, the most widespread of which is carbon monoxide (CO). The occupational exposure to CO was investigated in 186 firefighters by measuring the CO concentration in expired breath after fighting fires and during ordinary conditions.The test population was a random selection taken from members of the Tokyo Fire Defense Board who were engaged in fighting fires and the control population was also selected at random from students of the Tokyo Fire Academy. According to cigarette smoking patterns, the experimental and control groups were divided into three categories: nonsmokers, light smokers, and heavy smokers.For each group, the nonsmoking group and the two smoking groups, the data presented in this study indicated that the CO body levels for firefighters increased remarkably after exposure to the atmosphere at the scene of a fire; that is, the CO breath level after firefighting was 17.2±8.9, 19, (ppm ±S.D., n) among the nonsmoking group, and 26.5±12.4, 40, among the smoking group. Three days after a fire, it was 3.4±1.3, 11, 15.3±8.1, 39, respectively. During routine performance of duties, the level of CO expired in nonsmokers was 5.5±3.2, 22, for test group, and 1.7±0.4, 14, for the control group. For light smokers the CO level was 18.9±6.3, 11, (≤20cigs/day), and for heavy smokers 25.9±9.0, 13, (>20cigs/day) for the test group, but 11.0±5.4, 29, (≤20cigs/day) and 18.0 ±6.2, 7, (>20cigs/day) for the control group, respectively.Considering that for firefighters to perform their duties during a fire, the demand for oxygen of various tissue greatly increases due to high energy consumption, it is clear that the estimated dose of CO inhaled during firefighting reached harmful levels for proper functioning of the central nervous system and the myocardium.This reporter suggests that those engaged in firefighting avoid cigarette smoking after a fire to prevent any further increase in the already high levels of CO that are present in their bodies.
日本衛生学会の論文

消防隊員の職業性一酸化炭素曝露について

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