保育場面における保育者の言葉の質を問う -子どもへの「語り」から見えるもの-

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Abstract One of the integral elements in fostering the development of pre-school children is creating circumstances in which they engage in good verbal communication. Children are passive and dependent, so their teachers' words can significantly affect their minds and behavior. And Japanese children are beginning to speak later and later. Bearing these things in mind, the authors attempted to determine what kind of verbal interaction between students and their teachers is possible and desirable. First, we did a literature survey and clarified the importance of verbal communication in pre-school education, and then we visited kindergartens and recorded and analyzed the actual discourse in which students and their teachers engaged. The results suggest that teachers can improve their communication with students in the following ways.1 Improve the quality and the content of their responses so that children can feel that what they say is understood.2 Not to use too many expressions forbidding things such as "Don't do that" and accusative expressions such as "Why did you do that?"3 Make a point of using expressions that will motivate children to think for themselves and to make decisions on their own. We conclude that using words suitable for each occasion will allow students and teachers to have good quality communication. We need further analyses and discussions on teachers' ways of talking to children in actual situations.
2011-06-01