Diaspora Jews in Joyce's Dublin : Irish Jewish Lives Described in Ulysses

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概要

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• This paper aims to focus on Diaspora Jews in Joyce's Ulysses. The Jewish population of Dublin in 1866, the year of Leopold Bloom's birth, was about 200: The figure in 1901 became 2,169. This small ethnic group, who had primarily emigrated from the Pale of Settlement, Russia, and Eastern Europe, chose to settle in Dublin rather than in other cities of the United Kingdom because the city was attractive for Jewish immigrants. The Diaspora group could embody a powerful economic principle and became a great threat to the local Irish people, that caused anti-Semitic movements. The Limerick pogrom occurred in January 1904. Joyce precisely reflected on this mood, but sometimes tactically manipulated it in his fictional world. The reader may believe Bloom's thought that Reuben J. Dodd was "really what they call a dirty jew" (U 8.1159) but the real Dodds were not Jewish but English in origin. John Stanislaus Joyce , a biography of Joyce's father John Stanislaus by John Wyse Jackson and Peter Costello, takes the view that John Stanislaus fabricated Dodd's Jewishness in revenge blaming him for his financial disasters (179). It indicates the common prejudice that moneylending is a typical Jewish job. In the novel, many "real" Jewish people (Julius Mastiansky, Moses Herzog, J. Citron, etc.) and anti-Semites are often observed. How did Irish Jewish people live in Dublin? How does Ulysses reflect the truth? Using some historical and socio-economic data acquired from Cormac 6 Grada's Jewish Ireland in the Age of Joyce, other sources and Ito's on-site study, Irish Jewish lives in the Jewish quarter called "Little Jerusalem" or other parts of Joycean Dublin are examined. Since the foundation of Israel in 1948, the Jewish population of Dublin and other parts of Ireland has remarkably declined. However, together with the Irish Jewish Museum, Joyce's Ulysses has been greatly evoking Gentile people's attention to Irish Jews.

著者

• 伊東 栄志郎

  Liberal Arts Center Education and Research, Iwate Prefectural University

• Ito Eishiro

  岩手県立大学共通教育センター

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