避航操船における操船者の取得する視覚情報について : 昼,夜の影響

概要

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While navigating in congested waters, the navigator's main task is to avoid collisions. If a ship happens to encounter with another, the navigator first tries to obtain information about the situation, and then to estimate the course of the other, and to avoid possible collision. For the navigator visual information is vital. But visual information obtained during the nighttime is different from that of the daytime. Authors studied on the differences of visual information between the daytime and the nighttime. In order to examine the problem, authors planned and conducted experiments of finding the differences using a ship maneuvering simulator and actual ships. They also conducted observations of collision avoidance action. The results of experiments and observations are as follows ; (1) In order to avoid collisions, the most important information is of ship's number in the visinity and their distances, azimuthes and courses. (2) The accuracy of above mentioned information obtained by the navigator has no difference between daytime and nighttime. (3) But threshold deviation of the other ship's course obtained by the navigator in the nighttime is larger than that in the daytime. This shows that in order to avoid possible collision during the nighttime a longer time and a broader area are needed.
社団法人日本航海学会の論文
1992-03-25