Observational Study on Westerly Wind Burst over Sumatra, Indonesia by the Equatorial Atmosphere Radar : A Case Study During the First CPEA Campaign(<Special Issue>CPEA-Coupling Processes in the Equatorial Atmosphere)

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This study focuses on features of vertical wind and cloud distributions in Sumatra during the initial phase of a westerly wind burst (WWB) associated with a synoptic-scale super cloud cluster (SCC), by mainly using radar, radiosonde, and lidar data from 5 to 9 May 2004. The convective envelope of the SCC reached Sumatra from the Indian Ocean on 5 May, passing over Sumatra on 7 May. Intensification of the westerly wind occurred over Sumatra below 5.5-6.0km as the SCC passed over it. On 7 May, the 2.5-4.0km westerly wind at Kototabang (KT; 0.2°S, 100.32°E, 865m MSL) was identified as a WWB. Precipitating clouds around KT were suppressed after 7 May, as drier air (lower than 60% relative humidity) was transported from the Indian Ocean over Sumatra at 2.5-6.0km. Non-precipitation clouds were observed at 5-8km by the lidar after 7 May. After 7 May, the vertical wind at 2.5-5.5km showed the oscillatory motion with a timescale of about 12 hours. Similar oscillatory motion was found in the 1.5-2.5km zonal wind. Contrary to the radiosonde-derived downward wind with a horizontal scale of several hundred km, daily-averaged vertical wind at KT showed upward motion of 0.07-0.08m s^<-1> on 7 and 8 May, when westerly winds larger than 10m s^<-1> prevailed at 2.5-4.0km. These facts imply that the topography around KT, which has steep mountains to the west, modulates the behaviors of the vertical wind. The vertical wind oscillation was suppressed above 3.0-5.5km, where the Richardson number (Ri) was smaller than 0.45 and westerly wind changed to easterly wind. The small Ri was brought about by strong vertical wind shear (larger than 10m s^<-1> km^<-1>) and/or weak vertical gradient of potential temperature (smaller than 3K km^<-1>). Both regions appeared at the upper part of the westerly wind region. This fact implies that shear instability and horizontal wind change inhibit upward propagation of vertical wind oscillations.
社団法人日本気象学会の論文
2006-07-14

Observational Study on Westerly Wind Burst over Sumatra, Indonesia by the Equatorial Atmosphere Radar : A Case Study During the First CPEA Campaign(<Special Issue>CPEA-Coupling Processes in the Equatorial Atmosphere)

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