Multiple Primary Cancers A Report of Five Cases Involving Digestive Organs

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Five cases of multiple primary cancers were encountered in the authors' Division of Gastroenterology during the period from 1968 to 1977. During the same period, the total number of cases of cancers of the digestive system was 970, and the incidence of multiple primary cancers was 0.5%. Our cases of multiple primary cancers were as follows: 1) the liver and the stomach; 2) the colon, the uterine cervix and the ovary; 3) the pancreas and the prostate; 4) the pancreas and the thyroid; and 5) the pancreas and the thyroid. Since Billroth first described the entity of multiple primary neoplasms and Warren and Gates established liberalized criteria for them, numerous reports have appeared in the literature. Recent observations were reviewed for each case, particularly in regard to the occurrence and pathogenetic considerations. It is of interest that four out of our five cases of cancer of the digestive system were associated with hormone-producing or hormonedependent organs, such as the thyroid, prostate and ovary, and that in three of these four cases, cancers of the digestive system involved the pancreas, which functions as both an endocrine and exocrine gland. This may indicate that there are certain, hitherto unknown, endocrinological factors in the development of malignant neoplasms which remain to be determined.
東海大学の論文