各種労働者の飲酒の実態

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Drinking habits among the workers is drawing attention in industry. The season is on the one hand that drinkers are apt to impede the productivity of the enterprise and on the other that the workers are stirred up to more drinking because the working situations are more and more degrading the human honest desires as industry develops. Considerable studies on the worker's drinking have been reported from physiological and biological and points of view, but little have been investigated on the actual status of drinking patterns of the industrial worker. This report has been made by studying subjective complaints, drinking patterns and the reasons for drinking of 433 physical workers in large industries, 536 heavy muscular workers such as carpenters, plasterers and day-laborers, and 93 business workers. The results were as follows: 1) Subjective complaints of the workers related with the nature of the labor: The complaints of business workers are significantly less in number compared with those of physical workers in large industries and heavy muscular workers. The contents of the complaints of business workers do not concentrate on any definite item. Those of physical workers in large industries concentrate on general fatigue and those of heavy muscular workers on lumbago and stiff shoulders besides general fatigue. 2) The drinking pattern differs by their working type: Drinking rate is 80.1% as a whole. Drinking doses are three bottles of beer or less in 96.3% and three go (180ml) or less Japanese sake in 90.6% of drinkers. More heavy muscular workers drink daily but less in dose than the business workers. The main reason of drinking is their expectation on physiological and psychological effects which they can get from alcohol. For instance, "getting vitality" or "for recovery from fatigue". Among the physical workers in large industries, those engaged in vigilance task or in work by three shifts drink in high rates in order to get free from insomnia. But, as a whole, casual drinkers drink "for company's sake" just like business workers, and habitual drinkers resemble to heavy muscular workers. 3) Subjective complaints of the drinkers are more in number compared with those of the non-drinkers, whereas there is no particular item which most of the drinkers are complains of consistently. 4) As to subjective complaints and reasons for drinking, those who drink to recover fatigue complain general fatigue in high ratios and those who drink to forget pains or worry complain headache, heavy head or stiff shoulders general fatigue. From the above facts, the authors consider that the prohibitation policy has little to do for the reason that the drinkers impair productivity, and that the fundamental policy has to be taken with the idea to decrease worker's fatigue.
社団法人日本産業衛生学会の論文
1969-11-20

各種労働者の飲酒の実態

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