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Oviposition and Hatching: The adult female of Thereuonema hilgendorfi Verhoeff lays 130-290 eggs from the latter part of May to that of September. Each of them is securely held between gonopods, revolved being struck with telson, and is thrust into the soil with the gonopods and the telson. The incubation period of the eggs varies from 14 to 21 days and its total effective temperatures are approximately 200℃. The appearance of the first instar larvae last from the latter part of June to early in November and it reaches the maximum in August (see Table 1). Developmental history: The post-embryonic development of T. hilgendorfi has six anamorphic larval stadia, and five epimorphic and sexually developmental stadia before maturity. The lapse of such development, however, is extremly various. Motling is repeated at above 15℃, while it does not occur from December to March. The larvae which hibernated in the year of hatching show the stadia from the fourth instar larva to Pseudomaturus. Such developmental differences are not recognized in the second year of hatching and a majority of the females oviposit in the third year. The duration of each stadium varies according to the change of temperature. The variation is summarized in Table 3. The larvae which have hatched from June to August pass the larva period lasting from one to three months in the same year. Copulation: The author has never seen copulation. So far as he knows, the time of copulation seems to end before hibernation. The females bave many spermatozoa in their receptaculum seminis, in which spermatozoa are living at least for two years. Lifetime: The lifetime is three or four years, and it can be divided into three stadia: the stadium of larva or sexual inmaturity in the first year, of sexual maturity in the second year, and of oviposition in the third year. Moltings occur about eighteen times throughout all the life time.
社団法人日本動物学会の論文
1956-02-15

ゲジの生活

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