那須火山のテフロクロノロジー

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Nasu Volcano is a polygenetic volcano locating on the volcanic front of Northeast Japan Arc. The eruptive history of this volcano during the last 350,000 years is clarified by tephrochronology. On the eastern foot of this volcano, 16 pyroclastic fall deposits are identified. The stratigraphic relations of these deposits with well dated tephra layers derived from other volcanoes provided the chronological framework for the eruptive history. Moreover, the estimated ages and volumes of each deposits, determined by an empirical formula, gave eruption rate of pyroclastic fall deposits. Nasu-Shirakawa Tephra Group (Sr1 to Sr12) erupted from 350 ka to 200 ka. The frequency of explosive eruption during this period is 0.08 times per 1000 years, and eruption rate of pyroclastic fall deposits in dense rock equivalent volume is 0.016 km^3 per 1000 years. On the other hand, a K-Ar dating chronology for Nasu Volcano carried out by a previous study shows that no effusions of lava flows occurred during this period. After this period, no obvious explosive eruptions occurred until 55 ka. This non explosive period is most likely corresponds to the stage characlerized by effusions of lava flows which was recognized by the K-Ar dating chronology. The eruption rate of this period is larger than that of former period from 350 ka to 200 ka. The younger stage from 55-50 ka to present is not characterized only by explosive eruptions (occurrences of Kuromori Tephra and Oshima Tephra 1 and 4; Kr, Os 1 and 4) but also by effusions of lava flows, occurrences of pyroclastic flows, formations of lava dome and pyroclastic cone. The frequency of explosive eruption and the eruption rate of pyroclastic fall deposits during this period are 0.06 times per 1000 years and <0.003 km^3 per 1000 years, respectively. Both are smaller than those of the period from 350 ka to 200 ka.
特定非営利活動法人日本火山学会の論文
1992-11-15

那須火山のテフロクロノロジー

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