TED-AJ03-263 REGIONAL VARIETIES OF OXYGEN TRANSPORT IN THE CEREBRAL CORTEX BASED ON THE EXPERIMENTAL DATA
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概要
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Oxygen delivery in the brain tissue is carried out by a diffusion process principally determined by spatial differences of partial pressure of oxygen (pO2). Previous studies identified inhomogeneous distribution of cerebral tissue pO2. This inhomogeneous pO2 distribution might be related to spatial variations in microvascular structure, because large amount of oxygen is supplied from microvascular network. In this study, to evaluate the oxygen transport in cerebral cortex, we focused on regional structure of microvascular network and pO2 distribution in rat somatosensory cortex. To this end, firstly, we characterized local tissue pO2 distribution by using an oxygen microelectrode. Secondly, we quantified three-dimensional microvascular structure by combining a traditional method for casting blood capillaries with quantitative analysis by using confocal laser-scanning microscope (CLSM). Finally, the regional variations in oxygen transport were estimated by using numerical simulation of oxygen transport based on these experimental data (i.e., pO2 distribution and microvascular structure.) To characterize the pO2 distribution in cerebral cortex, we used six male Wistar rats anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital, and measured tissue pO2 in cortical layers (I to VI) and also in different cortical areas (hindlimb (HL), forelimb (FL), and trunk region (Tr) in rat primary somatosensory cortex), by using an oxygen microelectrode developed by Baumgartl & Lubbers [1]. This microelectrode has been recognized as a useful and reliable method to measure local tissue pO2 directly due to a small tip of the microelectrode (Originally 0.6 μm [1]). In addition, to visualize three-dimensional microvascular structure in cerebral cortex, we used monomeric methacrylate injection medium added with commercial fluorescent dye (Lumogen[○!R] F Red 300,BASF). This medium has been used as ideal injection medium for casting microvascular structures by using a laser scanning electron microscope (SEM). In the present study, we modified this method by using commercial fluorescent dye and a confocal laser-scanning microscope (CLSM), to calculate the microvascular density in cortical areas without dissolving tissue. By using this casting procedure, we quantified microvascular density in rat primary somatosensory cortex divided into four major cortical areas (barrel field (BF), forelimb (FL), trunk (Tr), and hindlimb (HL)). Finally, we simulated oxygen transport in depth direction of the somatosensory cortex to estimate blood flow distribution and oxygen consumption rate in different intracortical regions. Our pO2 measurements showed that local tissue pO2 strongly depended on the location of the microelectrode. In each cortical area, average pO2 profile revealed areal differences in pO2 distribution between closely adjacent cortical areas. In addition, the average pO2 in Tr (14 ± 10 torr) was significantly lower than that in HL (25 ± 13 torr) and FL (24 ± 13 torr). In addition, our casting procedure showed that complicated three-dimensional microvascular structures were clearly visualized in all brain regions. The highest microvascular density occurred in layer IV in BF, FL, and HL, and in layer V in Tr. The BF had the highest microvascular density in all layers. Finally, the numerical simulation confirmed the spatial variations in oxygen transport dependent on the microvascular structure in the brain.
- 社団法人日本機械学会の論文
著者
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Masamoto Kazuto
School Of Fundamental Science And Technology Graduate School Of Keio University
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Tanishita Kazuo
Department of System Design Engineering Keio University
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TAKIZAWA Naosada
Center of Information Science
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Negishi Tomoko
School of Fundamental Science and Technology, Graduate School of Keio University
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Kobayashi Hirosuke
Department of Medicine, Kitasato University
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Negishi Tomoko
School Of Fundamental Science And Technology Graduate School Of Keio University
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Tanishita Kazuo
Department Of System Design Engineering Keio Univ.
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Kobayashi Hirosuke
Department Of Medicine Kitasato University
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Kobayashi Hirosuke
Department Of Clinical Engineering Kitasato University Of Allied Health Sciences
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Tanishita Kazuo
Department Of System Design Engineering
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