Physical Dose Estimates for A-bomb Survivors-Studies at Chiba, Japan

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In-air tissue absorbed doses from the primary and scattered radiations of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombs, without shielding, were estimated as function of distance from the hypocenters. Gamma-ray dose was determined from the thermoluminescence in bricks and tiles ; neutron dose, from ^<60>Co activity induced in concrete-imbedded iron of buildings. The ratio of the absorbed dose in critical organs to the in-air tissue absorbed dose was determined by phantom measurements using simulated radiation sources for the atomic bombs. The absorbed doses in the thyroid gland, the gonads, and the fetus in utero were thus estimated as a function of distance from the hypocenters. Dose estimation from atomic bomb radiations has been made by many Japanese and American scientists, including the Oak Ridge National laboratory Group. (see also the review by Auxier in the issue). Hashizume et al have estimated the in-air tissue absorbed dose from gamma-rays and neutrons in Hiroshima and Nagasaki from the radioactivity and the thermoluminescence induced in building materials at various distances from the hypocenters. In assessing the dose response relationship with respect to radiation injury of interest, the biologically significant doses are those absorbed in critical organs.
日本放射線影響学会の論文