MORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE RETE MIRABILE EPIDURALE IN THE CALF

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The rete mirabile epidurale consisted of a compact network of interlacing, freely anastomosing arteries, and was distinguished into two parts : a chief part, and an anterior V-shaped extension. The chief part, lying in the circular sinus, was composed of two lobes connecting to the anterior and posterior communicating rami. The anterior V-shaped extension lay in the optic foramen. The rete received its blood supply from the maxillary artery via the proximal rete branch and the distal rete branches, from the basi-occipital arterial plexus, and from the internal carotid artery, which was poorly developed in the calves used. The arteries rising from the rete were the cerebral carotid artery and the internal ophthalmic artery. The circular sinus received its venous blood from the facial portion, the cornual processus, and the orbital and nasal cavities, which were the main source of its blood supply. The blood in the circular sinus was drained into the basilar venous plexus and into four emissary veins through the foramen lacerum, the foramen orbitorotundum, the foramen ovale, or the small foramen of the hypophyseal fossa. The arteries were histologically observed in the chief part of the rete. These arteries were usually of the muscular type showing an ordinary histology ; however, some of the arteries showed intimal cushions or a sclerotic change. All of the calves used in the present histological observation were less than 13 weeks old, but sclerotic changes were found in about 5% of the arteries in the rete. The cerebral carotid arteries also showed the sclerotic change, which was found in about 65% of the arteries.
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