FINE ANGIOARCHITECTURES IN THE PENIS OF THE DOG

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The fine angioarchitecture of the penis of the dog was observed with use of Neoprene latex cast preparations. The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. The cavernous systems of the dog penis consist of a pair of the corpus cavernosum penis, the corpus cavernosum urethrae, which has a bilobed bulbus urethrae at the ventral penile root, and the glans. In the glans, there are two independent cavernous bodies, the bulbus glandis and pars longa glandis. 2. Main arteries, supplying the penis of the dog, consist of a pair of A. pudenda externa and interna. Each A. pudenda interna gives off A. perinealis to be continued by A. penis at the ishial arch. After a short distance, A. penis branches off A. bulbi urethrae and A. profunda penis to be continued by A. dorsalis penis. A. dorsalis penis gives off several circumflex branches in its course, and near the glans divides into three branches ; preputial, superficial and deep ones. A. pudenda externa nourishes mainly the prepuce, but some branches, anastomosing with three branches of A. dorsalis penis, supply blood to the glans through the fornix of the prepuce. 3. In the corpus cavernosum penis, A. profunda penis divides into clumps of three or several vessels. Each vessel shows irregular, swelling and constricted lumen in its course and enters directly into the sinuses. These vessels correspond to the so-called helicine arteries. 4. The proximal half of the corpus cavernosum urethrae and bulbus urethrae are supplied by A. bulbi urethrae, and the distal half of the former is nourished by branches of A. dorsalis penis. In the corpus cavernosum urethrae, the appearance of the vascular connection is similar to that in the corpus cavernosum penis ; the cavervous sinuses receive directly the arterial blood from the helicine-like arteries. 5. The cavernous sinus of the bulbus glandis receives the venous blood through Vv. intercavernosae caudales, which begin from the corpus cavernosum urethrae, but no direct communication with an artery is found. 6. The cavernous sinus of the pars longa glandis receives also the venous blood through Vv. intercavernosae craniales, which begin also from the corpus cavernosum urethrae. In addition, the venous blood, which is drained from the subepithelial vascular plexus of the glans, flows into this cavernous sinus. but the sinus does not receive any arterial blood. 7. In the subepithelial vascular plexus of the glans, numerous typical arteriovenous anastomoses are found. 8. The main veins, which drain blood of the penis of the dog, are V. pudenda interna and externa. V. pudenda interna collects blood of V. dorsalis penis, V. profunda penis, V. bulbi urethrae and V. perinealis. Each of them draind blood from the sinuses of the bulbus glandis, of the corpus cavernosum penis, of the corpus cavernosum urethrae and the penis muscles respectively. 9. V. profunda penis, V. bulbi urethrae and V. perinealis are not confluent to a common trunk, but form a venous plexus at the root of the penis. V. pudenda externa drains blood from the pars longa glandis and prepuce. The so-called "deep veins of the glans" of CHRISTENSEN were not found in this observation.
北海道大学の論文

FINE ANGIOARCHITECTURES IN THE PENIS OF THE DOG

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