Ontogenetic Changes of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg Contents in Individual Leaves and Tubers of Potato Plants

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Since compared to other crops, the harvest index of dry matter, N, P, and K of potato plants is very high with a value above 0.70, it is important to determine how the mineral balance in individual leaves and tubers is regulated during potato growth. Therefore, ontogenetic changes in the N, P, K, Ca, and Mg contents in individual leaves and tubers of potato plants were examined. The results obtained were as follows. 1)Based on the phenology of potato plant, leaf-emergence stage and pattern of N, P, and K contents of individual leaves, leaves at various node positions were classified into 3 groups ; group 1, 1st to 7th leaf, where leavesgrow at the same time after sprouting, and the relative amounts of N, P, and K in this group decrease after flowering time at the same time, group 2, 9th to 15th leaf, where leaves grow in turn, and the relative amounts of N, P, and K in this group decrease in turn, and group 3, 17th to 27th leaf, where leaves grow in turn, and the maximum amounts of N, P, and K are reached when leaf-emergence stops or maximum shoot growth occurs, and the relative amounts of N, P, and K in this group decrease at the same time. 2)After leaf-emergence, N and K contents in individual leaves remained constant for a long period of time, then decreased, while the P content immediately decreased, then remained constant, and the Mg and Ca contents increased with growth. 3)As the 4th tuber among the tubers at other positions grew vigorously, and the nitrogen content of the 4th tuber was low at the early tuber swelling stage, it is assumed that the nitrogen content of tuber at the early tuber swelling stage is not the driving force that controls the swelling of the tuber. In addition, the content of other minerals was not related to tuber swelling at the early stage. 4)From 76 d after planting, the mineral balance among leaves and tubers may change completely ; that is, the mineral content of tuber at respective positions became constant regardless of positions, the nitrogen and phosphorus contents of leaves at respective positions decreased suddenly, and leaf senescence at a lower position started. Thus, the mineral status of tuber and leaf at respective positions suddenly changed at around 76 d, which corresponded to the transition from vegetative growth to tuber growth. Since the nitrogen metabolism predominates at the vegetative growth stage, and carbon metabolism at the tuber swelling stage, mineral balance in leaf and tuber may be, therefore, changed according to the requirement for carbon and nitrogen metabolism.
社団法人日本土壌肥料学会の論文

Ontogenetic Changes of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg Contents in Individual Leaves and Tubers of Potato Plants

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