Comparison of Productivity between Tropical and Temperate Maize : II. Parameters Determining the Productivity in Relation to the Amount of Nitrogen Absorbed
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Effect of the nitrogen application rate on the productivity of tropical and temperate maize was examined by parameter analysis as follows. 1)Biological yield(Y_b)was higher in temperate maize than in tropical maize. Y_b was parameterized as : Y_b=NAR×LAD and Y_b=E_u×E_a, where NAR is the net assimilation rate, LAD is the leaf area duration, E_u is the solar energy use efficiency, and E_a is the amount of solar energy absorbed in canopy. Y_b of tropical maize was determined by LAD, not by NAR which was however very high in tropical maize, E_u was lower in tropical maize than in temperate maize, while E_a was not appreciably lower in tropical maize than in temperate maize, indicating that E_u, not E_a is important to determine Y_b. 2)The economic yield(Y_e)was parameterized as : Y_e=Y_b×HI_<DM> Y_e=Y_b(N_h) ×HI_N/Nc(h.o.) ×100, and Y_e=Gn×Gw/1, 000, where HI_<DM> and HI_N are the harvest index of dry matter and nitrogen, respectively, Y_b(N_h)is the amount of nitrogen accumulated in plant at harvest, Nc(h.o.)is the nitrogen content in harvesting organs(grains), Gn is the grain number, and Gw is the 1, 000 grains weight. In tropical maize in the lowlands in the summer season, HI_<DM> and HI_N were low, and Nc(h.o.)was high compared to temperate maize. Therefore, even if tropical maize can absorb a sufficient amount of nitrogen, Y_e of tropical maize is lower than that of temperate maize. 3)Relationship between the amount of dry matter(DM)and amount of nitorogen absorbed(N_t)at a given time was expressed as : DM=DM_0×exp(CNI×N_t), where DM_0 is the initial value of DM and CNI is the carbon-nitrogen index. Further more CNI was correlated with N_t at harvest(N_h)as : 1/CNI=a×N_h+b, where a and b are coefficients. The coefficients a and b in tropical maize were very similar regardless of the difference in varieties and growth conditions. In tropical maize, the coefficient a was high and coefficient b was low when compared to temperate maize.
- 社団法人日本土壌肥料学会の論文
著者
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Osaki Mitsuru
Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University
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Osaki Mitsuru
Faculty Of Agriculture Hokkaido University
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