Interactive Responses of Dissolved Sulfate and Nitrate to Disturbance Associated with Pine Wilt Disease in a Temperate Forest (Environment)

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To examine the effects of pine wilt disease on SO^<2->_4 dynamics in a forested ecosystem, we analyzed the soil solution, groundwater, and streamwater in the Kiryu Experimental Basin, central Japan. The NO^-_3 concentrations in the soil surface layer showed a remarkable seasonality, with peak concentration in the fall. The SO^<2->_4 concentrations in an area affected by pine wilt disease increased after NO^-_3 concentrations peaked. The delay between maximum SO^<2->_4 to NO^-_3 concentrations may be explained by anion adsorption on variable charges in humus under low pH conditions resulting from nitrification. Concentrations of SO^<2->_4 increased with groundwater depth, while the levels of NO^-_3 tended to decrease with groundwater depth. The vertical distribution of the SO^<2->_4 and NO^-_3 concentrations in groundwater affected the seasonal changes in stream SO^<2->_4 and NO^-_3 concentrations, as groundwater levels changed. It is reasonable to assume that nitrogen dynamics and hydrological processes play important roles in the retention and discharge of SO^<2->_4 from disturbed forest soil systems.
社団法人日本土壌肥料学会の論文