Statistical thermodynamic study of polar organic liquids.

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A statistical thermodynamic study of polar organic liquids has been worked out on the basis of the liquid model as an assembly of particles immersed in a uniform background potential, which was proposed in the preceding paper (<I>Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn.</I>, <B>63</B>, 307 (1990). The liquid model is regarded as a kind of mean field approximation. Calculations of thermodynamic functions of eight polar liquids (acetone, 2-butanone, dimethyl sulfoxide, chlorobenzene, bromobenzene, benzonitrile, nitrobenzene, and aniline) have been performed. The results show that the theory is effectively applicable to four polar liquids (acetone, 2-butanone, dimethyl sulfoxide, and nitrobenzene) as well as to nonpolar ones. However, for other four liquids (chlorobenzene, bromobenzene, benzonitrile, and aniline) some deviations of calculated values from experimental data have been found, which are supposed to occur from some restriction of free rotation of molecules in these liquids. Detailed considerations have been given on this subject.
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