Experimental acute edematous pancreatitis in the rat induced by excessive doses of caerulein.

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The biochemical and histologic alterations in experimental acute pancreatitis induced by excessive doses of caerulein, an analogue of cholecystokinin, were studied in the rat. Four subcutaneous injections of various doses of caerulein (5-50μg/kg body weight) were given to all animals at hourly interval over 3h. Nine hours after the first injection (i.e. 6h after the final injection), all animals were killed. Serum amylase activity, and protein, DNA and enzyme contents in the pancreas and the histologic alterations were examined. In rats treated with 20 and 50μg/kg body weight of caerulein, serum amylase activity was elevated 7-8 fold over values in control rats. However, there were no significant difference between rats treated with 20 and 50μg/kg body weight of caerulein. Marked cytoplasmic vacuolization and interstitial edema with slight necrosis were observed in rats treated with 20 and 50μg/kg body weight of caerulein. The present study suggests that caerulein at a concentration of 20μg/kg body weight is the minimal effective dose that causes maximal changes of biochemical and histologic findings as acute edematous pancreatitis when given by four subcutaneous injections at hourly interval.
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